vol. 26, no. 9

American

Civil Liberties

Union

Volume XXVI

San Francisco, September, 1961

Number 9

EDITH GREEN

Congresswoman

headlines

annual meeting

Edith Green, Congresswoman

from Oregon and one of only six

members of Congress with con-

victions strong enough to vote

against appropriations for the

House Un-American Activities

Committee, heads the program

for this year's annual meeting.

Scheduled for Friday evening,

October 13, the meeting will be

in the auditorium of the Hall of

Flowers, Ninth Avenue and Lin-

coln Way.

Subject of Talk

Mrs. Green will speak on mush-

rooming "far right" groups, ana-

lyzing local and national develop.

ments and their implications for

civil liberties. To this crucial

subject she brings first hand in-

formation gathered from_ per-

sonal research and her work as

a member of the House Educa-

tion and Labor Committee.

In-Congress=

Now serving her fourth consec-

utive term in Congress, Mrs.

Green has a voting record of

steadfast support for constitu-

tional rights. In addition she has

taken the initiative in sponsor-

ing such important legislation as

Federal aid to education, equal

pay for equal work, social secu-

rity improvements and liberalized

immigration laws. She is chair-

man of the Special Subcommit-

_ tee on Education, a natural out-

growth of many years concen-

trated in a variety of educational

jobs-as a public school teacher,

public reliations director of the

Oregon Education Association

and organizer for that state's

_-Continued on Page 3

S.F. committee calls for fair

_ A Fair Housing Practices

Committee has been formed to

press for passage of a S.F. or-

dinance to wipe out discrimina-

tion against minorities in hous-

ing. Headed by Terry Francois,

local president of the NAACP, -

Benjamin Swig, owner of the

Fairmont Hotel, and Alan

Nichols, attorney and former

president of the California

Young Republicans, this citizens'

group is modeled after the S. F.

Committee for Equal Job Op-

portunity that successfully cam-

paigned for enactment of a local

fair employment practices ordi-

nance five years ago, giving way

to the final establishment of the

State Commission.

Provisions of Ordinance

The ordinance proposed by the

committee would "assure equal

opportunity to all persons to live

in decent housing facilities re-

gardless of race, color, religion,

ancestry, or national origin" by

prohibiting "discrimination in

housing by any person, including

real estate brokers, real estate

salesmen and agents, owners of

real property, and lending insti-

tutions." Designed to regulate

the business of selling and rent-

ing real estate, the ordinance

would cover only those housing

accommodations with three or

more units, not the individual

houseowner of smaller struc-

ACLU enters TY-labor

free speech case as

"friend of the court"

The ACLU will file a "friend

- of the court" brief in a case now

pending in the U. S. Court of Ap-

peals for the Ninth Circuit in-

volving freedom of speech in a

labor dispute.

The case, American Federa-

tion of Radio and Television

Artists v. Brown, concerns the

right of striking employees of a

television station in Sacramento

to distribute handbills asking the

public not to purchase the prod-

ucts of companies advertising on

the struck station. Federal Dis-

trict Judge Sherill Halbert en-

joined the handbill distribution

on the ground that it was a `"`sec-

ondary boycott,' forbidden un- .

der the new Labor Management

Relations Act.

The ACLU brief contends that

this law was not intended to pre-

vent the dissemination of strike

information in the circumstances

at issue and, if that were its in-

tent, it would be in violation of

freedom .of speech guarantees.

Thomas Schneider, ACLU volun-

teer attorney, is preparing the

brief. -M.W.K.

City bills for useless

hospitalization

In a suit filed in municipal

court, the City and County of

San Francisco seeks to force a

local woman to pay $182.63 for

seven days' hospitalization at the

San Francisco Hospital - even

though she neither required,

asked for nor received treat-

ment. :

The case arose when the wom-

an's brother, thinking her con-

duct somewhat suspicious, had

her committed for observation as

a mentally ill person. This was

done without the patient's per-

mission and without ascertaining

her mental condition. After sev-

eral fifteen-minute examinations

by doctors, she was released as

not in need of treatment or con-

finement. The bill followed.

Intervening in the suit, the

ACLU has filed an answer stat-

_ing that since the commitment

was unnecessary and of no value

to the patient, requiring pay-

ment is not only unauthorized

by the ordinances involved but

eonstitutes depriving the woman

of property without due process

of law. -M.W.K.

tures. Specific provisions follow

the pattern of statutes currently

in force in seven states and two

cities, generally similar to fair

employment practices laws. A

commission would administer the

act through educational and con-

ciliatory procedures, finally en-

forceable in the courts with

maximum penalties set at

$100.00 fine and imprisonment

of 30 days for non-compliance.

The Need

Underscoring the need for this

legislation, the committee cites

housing discrimination as "the

key to equal opportunity in gen-

eral" that stands "still virtually

untouched." Evidence is the

glaring fact that "in 1950 the

city had only three census tracts

which were over 75 percent non-

white; in 1960 there were seven

such tracts." Segregation getting

worse aggravates many other "of -

our local social problems, such

as racially-clumped schools, ra-

cial tensions, and a miscellany

of welfare problems," the com-

mittee brought out. These broad

effects make the problem of

housing discrimination the con-

cern not alone of minority

groups facing unequal treatment

but of the entire community in

its "social and democratic life." .

A bill drafted toward the.same

ends on a statewide level, AB

801, was defeated in the State

Chapter

Board Meetings -

Mid - Peninsula: September

14, Thursday, 8:00 p.m., Judy

Temko's house, 4144 Wilkie

Way, Palo Alto. : s

Marin: September 25, Mon-

day, 8:00 p.m., William Luft's

house, 1287 Leafwood Drive,

Novato.

All ACLU members are in-

vited to attend these meetings.

Alaska court holds

church-state line

The Alaska Supreme Court, in

a 2-1 decision, denied public

school bus transportation to. chil-

dren attending private or paro-

chial schools.

The case developed when

school authorities were sued for

refusing to transport a fourth-

grade student on a public school

bus to the Immaculate Concep-

tion Elementary School in Fair-

banks. A lower court enjoined

the Board of Education, which

appealed to the stateSupreme

Court.

Its decision voided a law ex-

tending bus facilities furnished

by public funds to students of

non-public as well as public

schools.

Supreme Theory Dismissed

The ruling dismissed the

"child benefit theory,' declared

by the U. S. Supreme Court in

its 1947 Everson decision. In that

Case the Court held that ~public

funds used for transportation to

non-public schools benefit the

child rather than the school,

therefore not in conflict with any

separation - of - church - and -

state concept.

In rejecting this position, the

Alaska Supreme Court adopted

the minority opinion of the U. S.

Supreme Court against the "child

benefit theory,' with a quota-

tion from the dissent of Justice_

Rutledge: "Transportation,

where it is needed, is as essential

to education as any other ele-

ment..." payment of teachers'

salaries or cost of equipment.

`The dissenting justice severely

criticized the majority view on

all counts.

; @

housing law

legislature during its last ses-

sion.

Other Cities and States

This. summer Massachusetts,

Connecticut, Oregon and New

York City strengthened their

measures against bias in private

housing, Massachusetts became

the first to introduce injunctive

relief against persons accused of

unlawful housing discrimination.

Its new law authorizes the court

to enjoin a landlord or owner

from renting or selling residen-

tial property, pending final de-

termination of a complaint. In

New York City, the Sharkey-

Brown-Isaacs ordinance, the

first legislation any place in the

nation barring discrimination in

private housing, was amended in

coverage of transactions to be-

come the most extensive of any

existing fair housing law. Con-

necticut expanded the applica-

tions of its statute and Oregon

facilitated its appeals' proce-

dures.

Earlier this year three addi-

tional states passed fair housing

laws - Minnesota, New York

State and Pennsylvania.

In two states, Colorado and

Washington, the courts have de-

cided against the constitutional-

ity of anti-bias housing laws.

`Both decisions are being ap-

pealed.

In this

Supreme Cour decision 44.3... .,

ON Campus... soe. ; A eG

Book Durning ... 2... wie

Foreign aid and bias ....... `

What to see, hear, read 7

Patrick Murphy Malin, executive director of the national

ACLU, has resigned to become president of the Robert Col--

leges in Istanbul, Turkey. Effective April 1, 1962, Mr. Malin

will assume his new post as head of two campuses on the

Bosphorus-Robert and the American College for Girls-

with an international faculty of

150 teachers and 1,600 students

from Turkey and other Middle

East countries.

Achievements in ACLU

Nearly 12 years ago Mr. Malin

left Swarthmore College, where

he had served as professor of

economics for 20 years, to suc-

ceed Roger N. Baldwin as

ACLU's executive director. Dur-

ing his administration, civil lib-

erties' operations have grown

fivefold. Present ACLU members

throughout the country number

55,000, organized units function

in 75 cities of 27 states and 1,000

attorneys cooperate. in all 50

states. Particularly interested in

the development of local units,

Mr. Malin has traveled exten-

sively to present ACLU's pro-

gram to a wide variety of profes-

sional, educational, religious and

business organizations.

Rich Background

In his own words, Mr. Malin is

"a young 58," distinguished by a

rich background of social service

and government work both at

home and abroad. During World

War II he was vice-director of

the Intergovernmental Commit-

tee on Refugees in London. Prior

to that he worked as American

Director of the International Mi-

gration Service, a price executive

for the OPA, Deputy Chief of the

Division of Program and Require-

ments in the State Department's

Office of Foreign Relief and Re-

habilitation Operations. These as-

signments involved travel and

work in many different countries

Great Britain, the Soviet

Union, the Near East, Canada,

~West Indies and South America

- building up an international

orientation invaluable to the new

responsibilities he will be under-

taking in Turkey.

~ A member of the Society of

Friends, Mr. Malin served as vice

- chairman of its Service Commit-

tee from 1936-8. He was also

president of the National Coun-

cil of Religion in Higher Educa-.

tion from 1939-48. He has re-

ceived honorary degrees from

three institutions: Doctor of Laws

from Swarthmore College and

Howard University and Doctor of.

Human Letters from Dartmouth

. College.

y Reasons for Resignation

Mr. Malin's memo of resigna-

tion explains the number of fac-

tors influencing his decision to

make the change in jobs, even

though he felt "the ACLU was

where I still belonged." In addi-

tion to the attraction American-

Turkish relations hold for him,

family considerations pulled con-

siderable weight. His wife, Mrs.

Caroline Biddle Malin, has been

the American observer at the

United Nations for the Women's

International League for Peace

and Freedom, which was co-

founded by her aunt, Lucy Biddle

Lewis, along with Jane Adams at

the Hague in 1916. Out of this

context, Mr. Malin states, she

"has become eager that we

should put our post-ACLU work-

ing life into some `under-devel-

oped' country ... that my pre-

sumably final job should be one

calling for active partnership be-

tween us... . Our sons and daugh-

ters-inlaw are internationally

minded, and very mueh want us

to return to international work

for our last fling."

In leaving Mr. Malin expresses

his "immeasurable. gratitude" to

the ACLU members and _ staff

"for all that you have done and

will continue to do."

os

PATRICK MURPHY MALIN

Hartman brief goes

to Supreme Court

With the filing of a petition

for certiorari, the ACLU has

asked the U.-S. Supreme Court.

to review the case of Louis Hart.

man, convicted for contempt of

Congress after refusal to answer

certain questions of the House

Un-American Activities Commit-

tee, during its San Francisco

hearings in June, 1957.

Hartman, who achieved radio

fame as "Jim Grady" on a KCBS

daily program, relied on his

First Amendment privileges of

freedom of speech and asso-

ciation, as well as pertinency ob-

jections. He did not invoke the

Fifth Amendment privilege of

not being a witness against him-

self. The Federal `District Court

convicted him of contempt and

the Court of Appeals for the

Ninth Circut affirmed the con-

viction.

The ACLU has _ represented

Hartman from the beginning and

the petition for certiorari was

prepared by volunteer attorneys

Albert Bendich, Hartley Fleisch-

mann, Cole Blease and Staff

Counsel Marshall Krause. It

urges the Supreme Court to re-

view the case to decide several

important questions: (1) may a

person be required to testify be-

fore a Congressional Committee

without probable cause that he

has knowledge pertinent to the

Committee's legislative purpose?

and (2) what kind of balancing

test would apply when First

Amendment freedoms are in.

volved? -M.W.K,

Volunteers -- 0x00A7.0.5.

With vacations at end -

the annual meeting in view-

the office goes into high gear.

That makes volunteer help the

`answer to the hour, day and

week. We need people to get

out mailings. Typists, espe-

cially, make a powerful differ-

ence in meeting program de-

mands. For the October an-

nual meeting, ushers and host-

esses will lend the finishing

touch of effectiveness and

warmth to the evening. If you |

have time to spare, you can

put it to good work. Just call

the office - EXbrook 2-4692

- to say when you'll be com-

ing in to help.

AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION NEWS

| Published by the American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California

Second Class mail privileges authorized at San Francisco, Calif.

ERNEST BESIG . .. Editor

503 Market Street, San Francisco 5, California, EXbrook 2-4692

Subscription Rates-Two Dollars a Year

"Twenty Cents Per Copy

Philip Adams

Theodore Baer :

Prof. Arthur K. Bierman

Rey. Canon Richard Byfield

_ Prof. James R. Caldwell

William K. Coblentz

Richard De Lancie

John J. Eagan

Samuel B. Eubanks

Howard Friedman

Rey. Oscar F. Green

Zora Cheever Gross

Rey. F. Danford Lion

Honorary Treasurer:

Joseph M. Thompson

Honorary Board Member:

Sara Bard Field

Mrs. Gladys Brown

Mrs. Paul Couture

Joseph Eichler

Morse Erskine

Dr. H. H. Fisher

Mrs. Margaret C. Hayes

Prof. Ernest Hilgard

Mrs. Paul Holmer

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Richard Johnston

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Board of Directors of the American Civil Liberties Union

of Northern California ;

CHAIRMAN: Rabbi Alvin I. Fine VICE-CHAIRMEN: Dr. Alexander Meiklejohn, Helen Salz

SECRETARY-TREASURER: John W. Fowle

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Ernest Besig

Committee of Sponsors

Prof. Van D. Kennedy -

John R. May

Lloyd L. Morain

Prof. Charles Muscatine

William M. Roth

Prof. Nevitt Sanford

Rey. Harry B. Scholefield

Mrs. Alec Skolnick

Mrs. Martin Steiner

Gregory S. Stout

Donald Vial

Harold Winkler

GENERAL COUNSEL

Wayne M. Collins

Prof. Theodore Kreps

Prof. Carlo Lastrucci

Norman Lezin

Prof. John Henry Merryman

Hon. Clem Miller

Rev. Robert W. Moon

Dr. Marvin J. Naman

Prof. Hubert Phillips

Prof. Wilson Record

Dr. Norman Reider

Prof. Wallace Stegner

Mrs. Theodosia Stewart

Mrs. Kathleen D. Tolman

Rt. Rev. Sumner. Walters

Stanley Weigel

Franklin H. Williams

- Supreme Court limits

union political spending

In a 5 to 4 decision, the U. S. Supreme Court recently held

that the Railway Labor Act forbids unions with union shop

contracts to spend a member's dues, over his protest, for

political purposes with which he disagrees. :

The case was originally brought before the Georgia courts

(

by six Southern Railway workers

who claimed that their constitu-

tional rights were violated when

the union they were forced to

join under a union shop arrange-

ment used their dues to promote

political objectives they op-

posed. The courts of Georgia, in

a sweeping injunction against

the union shop clause in the con-

tract, held that political spend-

ing by unions was unconstitu-

tional. The Supreme Court re-

fused to pass on the constitu-

tional issue, limiting its decision

to an interpretation of an amend-

ment to the Railway Labor Act

in 1951 which allowed the union

shop.

Majority Opinion

Stating the majority opinion,

Justice William J. Brennan said

that Union members must pay

for bargaining and labor activ-

ities, but not for politics, and

that members who disagreed with

the political stand taken by the .

union should get back the pro-

`portion of their dues expended

for political purposes. But Jus-

tices Hugo L. Black and William

O. Douglas, in separate opinions,

declared that spending of mem-

bers' dues for political purposes

they objected to violated their

constitutional right of free

speech.

National Board's Policy

Justices Felix Frankfurter and

John Marshall Harlan said, on the

other hand, that there was noth-

ing unconstitutional in letting a

majority speak for the views of

the group. A similar view was ex-

pressed by the national board of

the ACLU in a policy statement

last year. Although some mem-

bers may dissent from the choice

expressed by the union majority

in political campaigns, the ACLU

said, as long. as they are free to

participate in the making of the

decision within the union, they

are not deprived of their civil

liberties. The statement noted

that union members also are free

to voice their political opinions

outside the union. :

However, the ACLU at the

same time, reaffirmed its posi-

tion taken in 1943 and 1948 that

special union assessments - as

ACLU NEWS

September, 1961

Paae 2

distinct from dues -= for political .

purposes should be "made only

by vote of the union's member-

ship with the right of any mem-

ber opposing such action to be

free of assessment."

Justice Douglas' Views

In his concurring opinion, Jus-

tice Douglas declared: "If an as-

sociation is compelled, the indi-

vidual should not be forced to

surrender any matters of con-

science, belief, or expression. He

should be allowed to enter the

group with his own flag flying,

- whether it be religious, political,

or philosophical; nothing that the

group does should deprive him of

the privilege of preserving and

expressing his agreement, dis-

agreement, or dissent, whether it

coincides with the view of the

group, or conflicts with it in

minor or major ways; and he

should not be required to finance

the promotion of causes with

which he disagrees."

Justice Black's Dissent

In a dissenting opinion, Justice

- Black declared: ". . . I believe

the First Amendment bars use of

dues extorted from an employee

by law for the promotion of

causes, doctrines and laws that

unions generally favor to help

the unions, as well as any other

political purposes. I think work-

ers have as much right to their

own views about matters affect-

ing unions as they have to views

about other matters in the fields

of politics and economics. In-

deed, some of their most strongly -

held views are apt to be precisely

on the subject of unions, just as

questions of law reform, court

procedure, selection of judges

and other aspects of the `admin-

istration of justice' give rise to

"some of the deepest and most

irreconcilable differences among

lawyers. . . . And the First

Amendment, fairly construed de-

prives the Government of all

power to make any person pay

out one single penny against his

will to be used in any way to ad-

vocate doctrines or views he is

against, whether economic, scien-

tific, political, religious or any

other."

Frankfurter's Dissent

In his dissent,' joined by Jus-

--Continued on Page 4

20-

ji

Larry Speiser brings capital lessons

fo northern California =

On a busman's holiday, Larry Speiser, former staff coun-

sel and current director of the ACLU's Washington (D.C.)

office, spent his August vacation in the state covering part of

the ACLU circuit: from San Francisco to Sacramento to

Palo Alto.

Supreme Court Review

At a Lawyers' Committee

lunch in S. F., Mr. Speiser spoke

about "Recent Supreme Court

Decisions in Civil Liberties," re-

viewing the court's prevailing

opinions during its last session

and underlining the crux of each

one. With observations and eval-

uations oriented directly to at-

torneys in the field, he pin-

pointed general guidelines to be

drawn from the court's record

to date. Cases involving racial

discrimination have a good

chance of winning. Those where

a communist or a lawyer is the

client do not. Since the present

structure of the court gives no

indication of abandoning the

"balancing test," he advised law- -

yers to find some bases other

than the First Amendment on

which to rest their cases. His ob-

servations showed that the court

will "pick and choose the issue

to consider," even relying on an

amicus brief for one not pre-

sented in the main brief.

"New Frontier" Record -

In Sacramento, about 100 peo-

ple heard Mr. Speiser discuss

"Civil Liberties and the New

Frontier." Marking the "spotty"

record of the Kennedy Adminis-

tration during its first six

months, he listed the affirmative

actions, primarily in civil rights:

more vigor in the Civil Rights Di-

vision of the Department of Jus-

tice and its operations; excellent

reports and investigations made

by the Executive's Civil Rights

Commission; improvements in

the President's Committee on

Equal Employment Opportunity;

and the Attorney General's move

in sending Federal marshalls to

Alabama to protect "Freedom

Riders." Also a step forward, he

noted, was the President's termi- .

`nation of the program for seiz-

- ing foreign publications as polit-

ical propaganda. He com-

mended the administration's

position on education, but

warned "it doesn't look as if it

will get any place this session."

Debit Side

These positive advances have

been all but overbalanced by

negative acts. On the debit side

of the administration's ledger

for constitutional rights, Mr.

Speiser cited: the carry-over of |

the loyalty oath program; the ab-

sence of a needed executive push

~ for civil rights legislation; pro-

For civil libertarians

To hear in September

KPFA(FM)

Neeting notice

Monterey County ACLU mem-

bers are meeting on Septem-

ber 6, Wednseday, 8:00 p.m. in

the Library of the Monterey

Peninsula College to ratify

chapter by-laws.

All members in the area are

urged to attend and partici-

pate.

posed legislation to limit judicial

review of deportation cases; an-

other bill in Congres to redefine

the word "organized" as used in

the Smith Act to counter the

Supreme Court's interpretation;

support for legislation permit-

ting wire tapping merely on the

attorney general's order and by

state authorities with court per-

mission; and the presidential re-

quest, now apparently dropped,

that newspapers avoid material

"not in the public interest."

Mr. Speiser viewed this unbal-

anced record as "in general

worse rather than good." He at- .

tributed this in part to the De-

partment of Justice. The Attor-

ney General, he said, claims to

be sensitive to civil liberties "but

there are a number of actions |

that. seem to indicate this isn't

true." He also saw part of the

weakness emanating from the

slim margin of the President's

election vote, which may make

him "fear dividing an already di-

vided Congress with controver-

sial civil rights and civil liberties

issues."

3- 4:40 p.m.-`Declaration of Independence - Subversive Document?" - a reading of a

N. Y. Times Magazine article written by Henry Steele Commanger (re-

peated 9:15 p.m. on Sept. 4)

7:15 p.m.- "As I See It" - a new weekly program by commentator William Winter -

4- 8:30 p.m-`"A Test of Integration" - discussion of tests made by Encampment for

Citizenship students on discrimination in Berkeley's housing

Quinn and the students ..

9- 3:15 p.m.-`"Which Way Youth" - debate between Daniel T. Mahoney, of Youn

Americans for Freedom, and Michael Harrington, editor of New America,

on the value of liberal versus conservative youth movements (repeated

September 15 at 10:00 a.m.)

13-

with Frank

8:00 p.m.-`Baby Brokers'"-Trevor Thomas interviews Ernest Mitler, consultant-in-

vestigator for the California Department of Social Welfare, on illegal traffic

in babies and what must be done to stop it.

9:00 p.m.-"A Communist View of the McCarran Act"-by Herbert Aptheker, mem-

14-

ber of the national committee of the Communist Party and editor of

Political Affairs .

17-11:00 aim.-"Something New in Economics and Politics"-by Dr. Robert Hutchins, head

of the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions, on his reasons for

believing something new must happen in economics and interntional affairs

To see in September

oS

the headline

KRON (channel 4)

topic of the week (Saturdays)

9:30 p.m.-``Nation's Future" -- a general debate on any controversial issue, usually

1:00 p.m.-`"On Campus" - focus on community affairs vis-a-vis the community

cs

3:00 p.m.-"Community Circle'-Lee Noble interviews leading personalities in the Bay

Area, featuring a film report with various law-makers (weekly)

6:30 pim-"Way of Thinking' -- Dr. Albert Burk on the dynamics of democracy

(weekly)

6:30 p.m.-"Continental Classroom" -a course in American government by Dr. Peter

H. Odegard, UC political science professor (weekdays daily)

KQED (channel 9) 2

9:30 p.m.-`"`Rejected'"' -- homosexualism discussed by

Rabbi Alvin Fine, Margaret |

Mead, Karl Bowman, Albert Benlich, and Morris Lowenthall, among others.

14-

7:30 p.m.-`"Alaska -- New Frontier'"-filmed on location with John MacVane, UN cor-

respondent for the National Education Program (repeated October 19)

15-

from 1900-61 (weekly)

-

KGO (channel 7)

news (Sundays)

26-

28-

To read

KPIX (channel 5)

7:30 p.m.-"Memoir'-John Dodds of Stanford University discussing cultural changes

4:30 p.m.-`Issues and Answers' -- comments and discussion on whatever is in the

7:30 p.m.-`Face of the City" - on the Redrock Hill Development (housing) in S F.

6:00 p.m.-`"CBS Reports Carl Sandburg at Gettysburg"

"Some Illustrations of the Harms Done to Individuals by the House Un-American Activities

Committee" - a mimeographed, illustrative digest of the harms suffered by persons

called to testify, named in hearings or

by National ACLU-25c.

Involved in other ways with HUAC - published

"Operation Abolition: Some Facts and Some Comments" - a comprehensive, detached, well-

written analysis of distortions in the film, giving clear evidence of what actually took

place at S. F.'s City Hall in May, 1960--published by the National Council of Churches

50c.

Both these publications are available at the office of the ACLU, 503 Market St., S. F. 5,

on receipt of payment with order.

"San Francisco's Non-White Population. 1950-1960" - a simple, graphic picture of shifts in

the city's population during the past decade-based on census figures-presented tract-

by-tract - with totals broken down into Negro and other non-white components - illus-

trated by excellent maps. Available from the Council for Civic Unity, 437 Market St.,

8. F. 5-30ce.

ON-CAMPUS QUIZ: WHAT WHEN WHERE IS EDUCATION FOR DEMOCRACY? :

student freedo

at SF State

President Glenn S. Dumke of San Francisco State College

recently informed the ACLU that the College is "working dur-

ing the summer to develop clear cut guidelines in the areas of

assembly, expression, and petition on campus.'"' He expressed

the hope that r

Actions Questioned

The assurances from Dr.

Dumke resulted from a confer-

ence held between him and

members of his staff with Ernest

Besig, ACLU executive director,

looking into the degrees of free-

dom of speech, press, association

and petition which students en-

joy on the S. F. State campus.

. Just a short time before that,

SCOPE, a student political or-

ganization had been barred from

the campus after rather arbitra-

ry action by the President of the

- Congress of Organizations (a stu-

dent group). Also, a student

rally about Cuba was objected to

by the Dean of Students and the

President on the ground, among

others, that it had been unsched-

uled.

Rally Regulations

A request from the ACLU for

a copy of the regulations govern-

ing student rallies brought an

excerpt from the "Student Ac-

tivities Guide" providing for a

"Master Calendar," and declar-

ing that `Tentative dates for.

events of the various organiza-

tions are arranged with the

Calendar Coordinator of the Con-

gress of Organizations one se-

mester in advance." (Emphasis

supplied.) A procedure for

scheduling "Special Events" was

provided but without regulations

governing the holding of such

rallies and meetings.

Past Promise

Several years ago, the ACLU

stated its objectives to the poli-

cies and. procedures for circulat-

ing petitions on campus. In Janu-

ary 1959, the ACLU was fur-

nished with a copy of a proposed.

revision of the policies and on

February. 2, 1959 it was given

to understand that the revisions

"should be acted upon finally

within this month." Instead, the

old policies have continued in

force.

Petition Regulations

Under these policies "All re-

quests to circulate petitions on

campus must be submitted to

the Board of Directors of the

Associated Students for approv-

al," and the petition must carry

a statement as to the board's ac-

tion thereon. This action may in-

clude a statement of co-sponsor-

ship (unsolicited), endorsement

or disapproval. Also, "No college

persons or organizations shall be

allowed to circulate petitions on

-campus." Another regulation

reads: "Petitions that discrimi-

nate (sic) against any race or

regulations would be available "by early fall."

religion shall not. be allowed to

circulate on campus."

ACLU Letter

A letter to Dr. Dumke ex-

pressed the ACLU director's

concern "with existing policy

that allows the arbitrary exer-

cise of powers by the student or-

ganization which, to my mind,

is merely a convenient device

for manipulation of student af-

fairs by the administration." Dr.

Dumke insisted that the "stu-

dent government is not the crea-

ture of the administration, and

we are trying to make it a signi-

ficant means by which students

can learn the democratic process

through practice and experi-

ence."

Latest College Statement

In a recent public statement,

published in the student. paper,

Dr. Dumke declared: "It is clear

that the administrative faculty

of this college has never pre-

vented full discussion and de-

bate of any controversial issue

on this campus. It has, on the

other hand, encouraged such de-

bate. All it has insisted on is

that the debate be conducted at

the proper academic level, so

that the dignity and responsibil-

ity of a great public institution

of higher education can be

maintained."

Annual speaker

Continued from Page 1-

Congress of Parents and Teach-

ers.

International Missions

Challenges to modern educa-

tion impelled Mrs. Green to visit

the Soviet Union in 1958 to study

their academic program. That

same year she was one of four

Congressmen invited by the

American Friends' Service Com-

mittee to participate in a Parlia-

mentary Conference in Switzer-

land. In 1959 she was a congres-

sional delegate to the NATO

Conference in London.

Committee Planning Meeting

This year's annual meeting is

in the able hands of Susan Bier-

man, acting co-chairman of the

Education Committee, assisted

by Emily Skolnick, Barbara

Steiner, Harry Scholefield and

other committee members. They

are planning to mail invitations

to ACLU members around the

middle of this month. Directions

on how to reach the Hall of

Flowers, by bus and auto, will be

included. The meeting is open

to the public.

Burns committee

fancies tempest

in campus feapots

Much ado in words and noth-

ing in documentation marks the

biennial report of the State

Senate Fact-Finding Subcommit-

tee on Un-American Activities

(Burns' Committee). Almost half

its 204 pages is taken up with

images of "unmistakable danger

signals" that college campuses in

the state "will be plagued with

a revival of Communist activi-

ties in the near future."

UC Spotlighted

UC at Berkeley comes in for

the brunt of the report's fiery

criticism and sounds of alarm.

President Clark Kerr is accused

of "opening the portals" to

"Communists, faculty members,

students and anyone else who

cares to utilize the university

property as a brawling ground

for political controversy." He is

also called to task for not re-

stricting the distribution of lit-

erature on campus. Slate, the

student political group recently

suspended by the university-

uncomfortably on the heels of

advance releases of this report-

is pictured "as a transmission

belt" from the Communist Party

to the student body. The Daily

Californian gets the guilt-by-as-

sociation treatment. All this with

assurances that neither organiza-

tion is Communist. The attribu-

tion of major influence over last

year's City Hall demonstration

gives the committee an excuse

for listing all Slate members

during the period before that

event.

"Operation Abolition" Okayed

A lengthy play-up of "Opera-

tion Abolition" reflects its ver-

sion of the City Hall demonstra-

tion unquestioningly. The report

repeats the film's broad charges

and distortions as fact. On the

arrests, there is no mention that

charges were dropped against all

but one person and that the one

tried was acquitted. Critics of

the film are viewed suspiciously.

Organizations Cleared

In addition to the ACLU (see

July NEWS), the committee

gives an unsolicited clean bill

of health to the following organi-

zations "unfairly accused' of

Communist leanings: Americans

for Democratic Action, American

Friends Service Committee, Fel-

lowship for Reconciliation, So-

ciety of Friends and the United

World Federalists.

Reactions

Clark Kerr, UC's pre iene ex-

pressed satisfaction "that after

two years of investigation the

subcommittee has found no spe-

cific evidence of successful in-

filtration, by subversive groups,

of our faculty or of our repre-

sentative student organizations."

To Governor Edmund G.

Brown, the report was "some-

thing of a hit-and-run affair"

with "blanket charges, against a

higher educational system in this

State, that are likely to give the

wrong impression."

Three student groups - Slate,

the Bay Area Student Committee

to Abolish the House Un-Amer-

ican Activities Committee and

the Young People's Socialist

League-have petitioned the

State Senate to repudiate the

Burns' Committee report as "an

`abridgment of the civil liberties

guaranteed by the Constitutions

of California and the United

States."

The Committee

Legislators comprising the

committee are: Senators Hugh

Burns (Fresno), John F. Thomp-

son (San Jose), J. Howard Wil-

liams (Porterville) and Charles

Brown (Shoshone). Richard E.

Combs, veteran staff counsel,

compiled and wrote the report in

question. No public hearings

were held during the two-year

investigation leading to its. pub-

lication.

social

In an amended regulation on student organizations, issued

on July 24, the University of California withdraws the priv-

ilege of holding membership meetings on campus, maintain-

ing campus offices or using the university name from any

student organization devoted to political and social action.

Administration of the previous-

ly existing regulation had re-

sulted in "discriminatory treat-

ment as among groups essential-

ly alike,' the university said.

The student political organiza-

_ tion SLATE, prior to suspension,

had permission to hold member-

ship meetings on campus. Such

groups as SCLU and the student

chapter of the NAACP did not.

New Regulation Z

The new regulation issued by

president Clark Kerr grants the

right to hold membership meet-

ings only to: student govern-

ments and their subsidiary

bodies, groups organized exclu-

sively for student elections and

"for discussion of student gov-

ernment issues," fraternities and

sororities, academic or profes-

sional organizations, honor so-

cieties and "groups judged simi-

lar by the Chief Campus Offi-

cer."

Otherwise, however, the uni-

versity's "open forum policy" re

mains unchanged and any stu-

dent organization "can hold spe-

cial meetings or events on cam-

pus and invite to speak at such

meetings a wide range of speak-

ers on issues of educational in-

terest to students."

_ Background History

A chronology of university

policy accompanying this latest

change shows steady liberaliza-

tion in the school's relation to

student organizations from 1957

up to now. Before that year,

only groups recognized by the

university were permitted to

hold any meetings on campus,

with the proviso that "Discussion

of highly controversial issues

normally will be approved only

when two or more aspects of the

problem are to be presented by

a panel of qualified speakers."

What students thi

_ groups,

Revisions in 1957 improved these

conditions, granting all student

"groups access to the campus for

special meetings and events and

relaxing the stricture on contro-

versial subjects.

Regulations again took a freer

turn in 1959. The university

made recognition available to all

student organizations except

those that "affiliated with any

partisan, political or religious

or have as one of its

principal purposes the taking of

partisan positions identified with _

such a group." The provision on

prior approval of off-campus

speakers was replaced by prior

notification, UC merely retaining

authority to deny facilities for

meetings considered incompati-

ble with its educational objec-

tives.

UC's ies

In this history of student a

ministrative policy, UC points to

the "valuable" effect of these

1959 regulations. It notes the

wide variety of opinions students

were free to hear on campuses

and the availability of facilities

for special meetings and events

to "student groups of all types."

It conclusively states: "And

while this open-campus policy

has been criticized in many

quarters,

the need to keep the university

as an institution free from the

political, religious, and other

- controversial issues of the day."

_ACLU's Past Stand

The ACLU Board of Directors |

will not be able to examine the

new directives until meetings re-

sume after its summer recess.

But in 1959 (see NEWS, Decem-

ber 1959) it opposed restrictions

placed on partisan, political or

religious affiliates.

nk of new UC policy

In answer to ACLU inquiry, representatives of several

student groups at UC issued the following statement, reflect-

ing their organizations' reactions to the new regulations insti-

tuted by the University of California:

Student Civil Liberties Union:

rhetoric of freedom, the new

University regulation on student

organizations is designed to cre-

ate an artificial barrier between

the campus and the political com-

munity. Under the guise of a

`self-serving interpretation of Ar-

ticle IX, Section 9 of the State

Constitution, meaningful student

political activity has been barred

from the campus. If the Univer-

sity felt that this was a `wise'

course of action in the light of

its `public relations problems,' it

should have stated so forth-

rightly and defended such a posi-

`tion. It has chosen, instead, to

create the impression that it had

no choice under the law. This is

manifestly not the case." (Sub-

mitted by Richard Chesney, past-

president).

California Young Republican

College Federation and Univer-

sity Young Republicans (in a

joint statement):

would be more expedient for

us if we were permitted to have

business meetings on campus and

if we were given office space.

But, in light of the desire on the

part of President Kerr to insure

an `open forum policy,' while at

the same time operating under

the Regents' interpretation of

the State Constitution, we under-

stand this position and find our-

selves no more restricted than

we have been in the past... our

only regret is that the Univer-

sity did not make known these

changes during the Spring se-

mester ... it would have facili-

"Certainly it

"Proclaimed under the

tated greater understanding on

the part of the organizations con-

cerned, with less friction." (Sub-

mitted by Michael T. Moore,

president, YR; and Joel M. Fish-

er, president, CYRCF).

Young Democrats: "The uni-

versity is bound to exercise that

action necessary to maintain in-

dependence from political and

religious influence. The new in-

terpretation of this state consti-

tutional restriction continues the

previous solution of the univer-

sity which is to prevent influence

by preventing political activity.

The two cannot and should not

be the same. When a free and

open exchange of political edu-

cation (one of the greatest chal-

lenges of our day) is defined as

`influence' and not as education,

the administration has done a

great injustice to our university

and our constitution." (Sub- .

mitted by Allan Solomonow, past

president of YD and a Northern

California Vice Chairman of the

California Federation of Young

Democrats).

Slate "considers political ac

tivity by students, on all levels

from discussion to action, to be

an integral part of a liberal edu-

cation. The new regulations are

an obvious attempt... to curtail

dissent and action on the part of

students. No amount of rhetorie

-Continued on Page 4

ACLU NEWS

September, 1961

Page 3

it is consistent with -

In a recent ruling by Judge William M. Mackenzie of the

Rhode Island Superior Court, four New York publishers of

paper bound books won a declaratory judgment that the activ-

ities of the Rhode Island Commission to Encourage Morality

in Youth were unconstitutional. These activities included 1)

sending notices to distributors

of books and magazines listing

"objectionable" publications to

be removed from circulation; and

2) informing them at the same

time that the Chiefs of Police

had been given the names of the

proscribed publications; 3) and

that the Attorney General would

act "in cases of non-compliance."

14th Amendment Violation

"The effect of the notices,"

Judge Mackenzie ruled, "was

clearly intimidation." He de-

clared the dissemination of such

notices in violation of the Four-

teenth Amendent's provision that

states shall not deprive persons

of "life, liberty or property with-

out due process of law;" and the

Rhode Island Constitution's guar-

antee of free press. He enjoined

the Commission from disseminat-

ing them.

Commission's Stand

The Commission's argument

was that it had not "banned"

books, but had received the "vol-

untary" cooperation of the dis-

tributors; in fact, that it had not

taken "official concerted action"

to follow up its notices. But

Judge Mackenzie pointed to un-

disputed testimony of a distrib-

utor that he was visited by a rep-

resentative of the Providence po-

lice after the receipt of each no-

tice to find out what action had

been taken. Moreover, the refusal

of distributors to take new orders

on black-listed publications, their

withdrawal and return of unsold

copies to publishers, Judge Mac-

kenzie pointed out, were moti-

vated by a definite wish to avoid

being involved in litigation. To

call this voluntary was `"unreal-

istic."

Freedom to Publish

Commission notices of books

to be removed from sale "with

their implicit threats of criminal

prosecution are clear violations

of the constitutional provisions

guaranteeing freedom of the

press,' he said. There was no

doubt that this had resulted in

the supression of books "without

any judicial determination as to

whether or not they are obscene."

He added that the publishers

were not seeking license to pub-

lish obscenity. They were merely

seeking "freedom to publish."

Constitutionality in Question

In declaring unconstitutional .

the Commission's actions, Judge

Mackenzie declared constitu.

tional the resolution creating it

and defining its duty - "to edu-

eate the public concerning any

`book containing obscene... lan-

guage ... and to investigate and

recommend the prosecution of

all violations .. ." However, its

effect, of making censors of the

members of the Commission and

giving "them the power-to deter-

mine which books and magazines

will be distributed and sold in

Rhode Island," raised "consider-

able doubt" in his mind. about the

resolution's constitutionality.

Nevertheless he felt it was bet-

ter practice to leave it to the

state Supreme Court to pass on

the question.

Appeal to State Supreme Court

The Commission has appealed

this decision to the Rhode Island

Supreme Court which will hear

argument in the fall. The pub-

lishers will ask the high court

not only to uphold Judge Mac-

kenzie's decision, but to declare

the resolution creating the Com-

mission as unconstitutional on its

face.

Legislative Maneuvers

In an effort to circumvent

Judge Mackenzie's decision, the

Rhode Island legislature ap-

proved a law giving the Commis-

sion legal authority to send its

notices and making such notices

prima facie evidence that the dis-

tributor had knowledge of the

character and content of the

ACLU NEWS

September, 1961

Page 4

book. However, Governor John

Notte vetoed the bill, saying,

"True obscenity cannot and

should not be countenanced in

any form. But criminal statutes

must be drawn in such manner

as to protect the innocent as well

as punish the guilty."

Threat to Publishers

The four publishers who

brought the action were Bantam

Books, Inc., Dell Publishing Co.,

Inc., Pocket Books, Inc., and the

New American Library of World

Literature. Only two books pub-

lished by any of the four were

on the proscribed list - "Peyton

Place" and "The Bramble Bush"

-but they felt that the Commis-

sion's actions were a threat to all

publishers.

Civil Service Board

sustains peepers

The Board of Appeals and Re-

view of the United States Civil

service Commission has affirmed

the dismissal of a civil service

employee of 19 years tenure on

the basis that his removal will

promote the. efficiency of the

service.

The charges against the em-

ployee were that he `"fre-

quented" bars known to be hang-

outs for homosexuals and had

been observed - by investigat-

ing agents using high-power bi-

noculars - dancing "for a few

seconds" with another male,

`"nuzzling" a male and receiving

a kiss from a male.

The employee, through ACLU

Staff Counsel Marshall W. Krause,

denied the acts were committed

but argued that even if they

were, they had nothing to do

with his job performance. No

complaints were ever received

concerning his work and his job

involved no secuyity matters. An

appeal to the federal courts in

the District of Columbia is now

under consideration, although

the scope for review of Civil

Service Commission decisions is

limited. -M.W.K.

ACLU wants strong discrimination

ban in foreign aid bill

In a letter to Senator J. William Fulbright, chairman of

the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Patrick Murphy

Malin, ACLU's executive director, urges stronger wording in

the pending foreign aid bill to oppose racial or religious dis-

crimination against American citizens by foreign nations. The

problem particularly centers

around Arab national bias in the -

treatment of Americans of the

Jewish faith. =

Current Statement

The Mutual Secuirty Act cur-

rently in effect includes a state-

ment that: "it is the sense of

Congress" that discrimination

against American citizens be-

cause of race or religion "in the

granting of personal or commer-

cial access or any other rights

otherwise available to United

States generally is repugnant to

our principles." The Act also

provides for the application of

these principles in administering

foreign aid funds "as the Presi-

dent may determine." The newly

proposed Foreign Assistance Act

omits both these provisions, sub-

Letter to the editor

Editor,

Because the trial and acquittal

of Robert Meisenbach were so

inadequately covered by the

press outside the San Francisco

Bay Area, we are. especially

pleased to announce to your

readers two comprehensive items

on the subject now available

from our organization. The first

is a reprint of my article in the

June issue of the Californian

magazine, "The Meisenbach

Case," in which I attempt to in-

terpret the trial and its signifi-

cane to the House Committee on

Un-American Activities' menda-

cious film, "Operation Aboli-

tion,' with which I am sure your

readers are familiar. The second

item consists of 25 pages of re-

prints of the extensive coverage

given the trial by San Francisco's

three major newspapers.

We invite your readers to send

to the Bay Area Student Commit-

tee for the Abolition of the

House Committee on Un-Ameri-

ean Activities, 1732 Francisco

Street, Berkeley 3, California

for copies of these two pam-

phiets. The Californian article

and the newspaper reprints are

avialable together for one dollar,

including postage.

The acquittal of Robert Meisen-

bach, the last of the students ar-

rested during the hearings of

the House Committee in San

Francisco in 1960 to face adjudi-

cation, is of immense importance.

If properly publicized, it should

sound the death knell to "Opera-

tion Abolition" and help to point

up the Committee's typical dis-

regard for the truth. We hope it

will also, in the long run, hasten

the day when the House of Rep-

resentatives sees fit to abolish

this committee, and thereby ac-

knowledge that if has no place

in a democratic society.

--Irving Hall

stituting a weaker statement of

principle.

Mr. Malin calls for incorpora-

tion of the present act's wording

in the new bill.

ACLU's Position

The ACLU's interest, he ex-

plains, is in retaining the equal

access rights. "We cannot make

a similar plea for the clause, `or

any other rights otherwise avail-

able to United States citizens

generally,' because this involves

the very complicated problem of

guaranteeing to American citi-

zens who may be charged with

violating the laws of a foreign

nation the exact standards of

due process that we observe in

our country. We realize that

every nation has the right to de-

cide what judicial code it will

follow and the principle of extra-

territoriality offers no protec-

tion to foreigners enmeshed with

the law in foreign lands."

Issue Defined

The issue, as the ACLU sees

it, is not due process, "but the

question of freedom of travel for

American citizens regardless of

their religious faith, a freedom

whose spirit is honored in the

First Amendment's right of free

religion, speech and association."

In a similar plea to Secretary

of State Dean Rusk, the ACLU (c)

urges the State. Department to

use "its good offices" to secure

a strong anti-discrimination state-

ment in the foreign aid bill -

"in furtherance of our country's.

belief in the constitutional prin-

ciple of equal treatment ...a

vital aid in the successful pro-

motion of our foreign policy."

Supreme Court Decision

Continued from Page 2-

tice Harlan, Justice Frankfurter

declared: ". . . we are asked by

union members who oppose these

expenditures to protect their

right to free speech - although

they are as free to speak as ever

- against governmental action

which has permitted a union

elected by democratic process to

bargain for a union shop and to

expend the funds thereby col-

lected for purposes which are

controlled by internal union

choice. To do so would be to mu-

tilate a scheme designed by Con-

gress for the purpose of equit-

ably sharing the cost of securing

the benefits of union exertions;

it would greatly embarrass if not

frustrate conventional labor ac-

tivities which have become insti-

-tutionalized through time. To do

so is to give constitutional sanc-

tion to doctrinaire views and to

grant a miniscule claim consti-

tutional recognition."

Rights get tw grade in

law-enforcement survey

_ A study of the politics of a

sheriff's election in Santa Clara

-County reveals some measure of

what value people give to civil

liberties `in the process of law

enforcement. Gordon E. Misner,

associate professor of San Jose

State College, investigated a

sheriff's campaign and con-

ducted interviews with more

than 150 voters, from Palo Alto

to Gilroy, to find out how much

interest and knowledge the

average voter brings to electing

a sheriff,

Findings

Among the 76 issues raised in

the face-to-face survey were sey-

eral relating directly to civil

liberties. These and the re-

sponses given to them were:

"Do you think the courts are

generally too lenient in handling

persons convicted of crimes?"

42 %-yes

-39%-no

19% -no opinion

"Do you feel that the rights of

persons charged with crimes are

adequately protected?"

62%-yes

14% -no

19% -no opinion

"Should the police be permit-

ted to use wire-tapping in the

investigation of serious crimes?"

69% -yes

14%-no

24% -no opinion

"Should the police be permit-

ted to use evidence against a

person charged with a serious

crime, no matter how it has been

obtained?"

40% -yes

41%-no

19%-no opinion

Conclusions -

On the basis of these answers,

Prof. Misner concludes that per-

sons interviewed "At first glance

. . would appear to support the

`police' view that civil rights and

constitutional safeguards are be-

ing overly protected to the detri-

ment of `efficient law enforce-

ment'." His small sample and the

subjective interpretation open to

the questions caution him, how-

ever, to observe that "Further

investigation will be needed...

in order to determine the inten-

sity with which this public atti-

tude is held and the extent to

which the public would reduce

historical legal safeguards."

UC Students Think

Continued from Page 3-

can disguise the fact that the

regulations infringe student's

freedom to speak and assemble.

Slate is planning a concerted

campaign to bring about a

change in the policy of the Uni-

versity in regard to politics."

(Submitted by Jerry Greenberg).

The Daily Californian, in an

editorial, August 1, 1961, raises

a number of questions in a call

for "Clarification Needed":

"What is meant by `political' and

how does the administration in-

terpret the phrase `political and

sectarian influence'? . does

the new set of regulations hinder

student political activity on cam-

pus? ... are not `off-campus' is-

sues of `educational interest to

students'? ... The new regula-

tions, on the surface, seem to

Are you or have

you ever been

an ordinary Joe

One member single-handedly

has brought 18 new members

into the ACLU this year. Russell

Jorgensen is the one responsible

for this outstanding record.

To find out how he did this

is to take a good look at the

man, his works and his life. Mr.

Jorgensen describes himself as

"just an ordinary Joe." This gen-

eral tag fits to the extent that

he's married, has four children

and lives in Berkeley. It might

even apply to his long-time sup-

port for-civil liberties, since the

youthful days of 1948 in north-

ern California. Maybe, even,

"ordinary Joes". qualify for the

board of the Pacifica Founda-

tion

But at that point Mr. Jorgen-

sen has stretched "ordinary" to

the outer limit of definition-at

least until it becomes common

practice for us humans to live

our convictions at work and at

play, as he does.

"What He Does

On the job, Russell Jorgensen

is associate secretary of the

American Friends' Service Com-

mittee in San Francisco. He has

conducted Committee work

camps in Mexico and Israel and

directed an international student

seminar in Japan. As a graduate

student at the Pacific School of

Religion, he received his M.A.

majoring in Christian Ethics

under Buell Gallagher, the new-

ly appointed Chancellor of the

State college system.

In his capacity as clerk of

the Berkeley Friends' Meeting,

Mr. Jorgensen pioneered with a

group of religious leaders in a

"Freedom Ride" to Mississippi

this summer, They were out to

erack the public image that this

national responsibility was a

function exclusive to college

kids. It's worked-with increas-

ing numbers of adults following

their lead. Mrs. Jorgensen ac-

companied her husband and they

made history as the first Free-

dom Riding couple to be arrested

by Southern enforcers of segre-

gated "law and order."

Quality

The striking quality that

stands out in this outline glance

is the oneness of the man. Rus-

sell Jorgensen's beliefs deter-

Mine `his actions, one after the

other in logical] order. From

school to profession to commu-

nity work to the off-hours of

building the ACLU, it's a com-

pletely integrated picture - all

centering around human rights.

The 18 new members he recom-

mended had no difficulty tell-

ing what the ACLU stands for.

They could see it in his person.

The ACLU is made up of all

kinds of "ordinary Joes." Dif-

ferent as they may be from Rus-'

_seli Jorgensen, they are like him

in their integrity for civil liber-

ties. That's what is behind the

337 members who added 857 new

members and 79 NEWS' 0x00A7sub-

scribers (by August 10) this .

year.

protect the Unieversity from the

embarrassing appearance of sid-

ing with `political action groups.'

But do they really?"

The Sinet right of a citizen

Is the right

To be responsible.

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